CVE-2025-55210FreePBX API has a Privilege Escalation Error in GraphQL Allowing Authenticated Users to Access Additional Scopes

Official description

FreePBX is an open-source web-based graphical user interface (GUI) that manages Asterisk. Prior to 17.0.5 and 16.0.17, FreePBX module api (PBX API) is vulnerable to privilege escalation by authenticated users with REST/GraphQL API access. This vulnerability allows an attacker to forge a valid JWT with full access to the REST and GraphQL APIs on a FreePBX that they've already connected to, possibly as a lower privileged user. The JWT is signed using the api-oauth.key private key. An attacker can generate their own token if they possess this key (e.g., by accessing an affected instance), and specify any scopes they wish (e.g., rest, gql), bypassing traditional authorization checks. However, FreePBX enforces that the jti (JWT ID) claim must exist in the database (api_access_tokens table in the asterisk MySQL database) in order for the token to be accepted. Therefore, the attacker must know a jti value that already exists on the target instance. This vulnerability is fixed in 17.0.5 and 16.0.17.

Affected products (as reported)

References

• https://github.com/FreePBX/security-reporting/security/advisories/GHSA-gvgh-p7wj-76cf x_refsource_CONFIRM
• https://github.com/FreePBX/api/commit/bc6f7d72063cffb18babb6559fa351046d7ad19b x_refsource_MISC
• https://github.com/FreePBX/api/commit/c16a3a79b83382fb4884e51174882ed635637002 x_refsource_MISC
• https://github.com/FreePBX/api/commit/d66786634e7e7d3eedcb4d0931b32c415ba6e9ef x_refsource_MISC