Vulnerability · Published Jul 4, 2025 · Assigned by mitre
CVE-2025-49601
Medium 4.8
In plain English
A medium-severity out-of-bounds read in mbedtls from Mbed. There are no confirmed reports of exploitation so far. The chance it is exploited in the next 30 days is estimated at 0.3% (higher than 25% of all known vulnerabilities). Fixed versions are available - upgrade the affected package.
Official description
In MbedTLS 3.3.0 before 3.6.4, mbedtls_lms_import_public_key does not check that the input buffer is at least 4 bytes before reading a 32-bit field, allowing a possible out-of-bounds read on truncated input. Specifically, an out-of-bounds read in mbedtls_lms_import_public_key allows context-dependent attackers to trigger a crash or limited adjacent-memory disclosure by supplying a truncated LMS (Leighton-Micali Signature) public-key buffer under four bytes. An LMS public key starts with a 4-byte type indicator. The function mbedtls_lms_import_public_key reads this type indicator before validating the size of its input.
Affected packages & fixed versions
| Ecosystem | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alpine:v3.20 | mbedtls | 3.6.4-r0 | ALPINE-CVE-2025-49601 |
| Alpine:v3.21 | mbedtls | 3.6.4-r0 | ALPINE-CVE-2025-49601 |
| Alpine:v3.22 | mbedtls | 3.6.4-r0 | ALPINE-CVE-2025-49601 |
| Alpine:v3.23 | mbedtls | 3.6.4-r0 | ALPINE-CVE-2025-49601 |
| Alpine:v3.24 | mbedtls | 3.6.4-r0 | ALPINE-CVE-2025-49601 |
| Alpine:v3.24 | mbedtls3 | 3.6.4-r0 | ALPINE-CVE-2025-49601 |
| Debian:13 | mbedtls | 3.6.4-1 | DEBIAN-CVE-2025-49601 |
| Debian:14 | mbedtls | 3.6.4-1 | DEBIAN-CVE-2025-49601 |
| Ubuntu:25.10 | mbedtls | no fix listed | UBUNTU-CVE-2025-49601 |
| Ubuntu:26.04:LTS | mbedtls | no fix listed | UBUNTU-CVE-2025-49601 |
Affected products (as reported)
Weakness: CWE-125 · Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L