Vulnerability · Published Mar 12, 2025 · Assigned by GitHub_M
CVE-2025-27407Remote code execution when loading a crafted GraphQL schema
Critical 9.1
In plain English
A critical-severity code injection in graphql-ruby from rmosolgo. There are no confirmed reports of exploitation so far. The chance it is exploited in the next 30 days is estimated at 3.1% (higher than 88% of all known vulnerabilities). Ready-made attack tooling exists: public proof-of-concept code. Fixed versions are available - upgrade the affected package.
Official description
graphql-ruby is a Ruby implementation of GraphQL. Starting in version 1.11.5 and prior to versions 1.11.8, 1.12.25, 1.13.24, 2.0.32, 2.1.14, 2.2.17, and 2.3.21, loading a malicious schema definition in `GraphQL::Schema.from_introspection` (or `GraphQL::Schema::Loader.load`) can result in remote code execution. Any system which loads a schema by JSON from an untrusted source is vulnerable, including those that use GraphQL::Client to load external schemas via GraphQL introspection. Versions 1.11.8, 1.12.25, 1.13.24, 2.0.32, 2.1.14, 2.2.17, and 2.3.21 contain a patch for the issue.
Affected packages & fixed versions
| Ecosystem | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Debian:12 | ruby-graphql | no fix listed | DEBIAN-CVE-2025-27407 |
| Debian:13 | ruby-graphql | 2.2.17-1 | DEBIAN-CVE-2025-27407 |
| Debian:14 | ruby-graphql | 2.2.17-1 | DEBIAN-CVE-2025-27407 |
| RubyGems | graphql | 2.1.15 | GHSA-q92j-grw3-h492 |
| RubyGems | graphql | 2.0.32 | GHSA-q92j-grw3-h492 |
| RubyGems | graphql | 1.13.24 | GHSA-q92j-grw3-h492 |
| RubyGems | graphql | 1.12.25 | GHSA-q92j-grw3-h492 |
| RubyGems | graphql | 1.11.11 | GHSA-q92j-grw3-h492 |
| RubyGems | graphql | 2.4.13 | GHSA-q92j-grw3-h492 |
| RubyGems | graphql | 2.3.21 | GHSA-q92j-grw3-h492 |
| RubyGems | graphql | 2.2.17 | GHSA-q92j-grw3-h492 |
| Ubuntu:22.04:LTS | ruby-graphql | no fix listed | UBUNTU-CVE-2025-27407 |
| Ubuntu:24.04:LTS | ruby-graphql | no fix listed | UBUNTU-CVE-2025-27407 |
| Ubuntu:25.10 | ruby-graphql | no fix listed | UBUNTU-CVE-2025-27407 |
| Ubuntu:26.04:LTS | ruby-graphql | no fix listed | UBUNTU-CVE-2025-27407 |
| Ubuntu:26.10 | ruby-graphql | no fix listed | UBUNTU-CVE-2025-27407 |
Affected products (as reported)
| Vendor | Product | Versions |
|---|---|---|
| rmosolgo | graphql-ruby | >= 1.11.5, < 1.11.8>= 1.12.0, < 1.12.25>= 1.13.0, < 1.13.24>= 2.0.0, < 2.0.32>= 2.1.0, < 2.1.14>= 2.2.0, < 2.2.17>= 2.3.0, < 2.3.21 |
Weakness: CWE-94 · Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
References
- https://github.com/rmosolgo/graphql-ruby/security/advisories/GHSA-q92j-grw3-h492 x_refsource_CONFIRM
- https://github.com/rmosolgo/graphql-ruby/commit/28233b16c0eb9d0fb7808f4980e061dc7507c4cd x_refsource_MISC
- https://github.com/rmosolgo/graphql-ruby/commit/2d2f4ed1f79472f8eed29c864b039649e1de238f x_refsource_MISC
- https://github.com/rmosolgo/graphql-ruby/commit/5c5a7b9a9bdce143be048074aea50edb7bb747be x_refsource_MISC
- https://github.com/rmosolgo/graphql-ruby/commit/6eca16b9fa553aa957099a30dbde64ddcdac52ca x_refsource_MISC
- https://github.com/rmosolgo/graphql-ruby/commit/d0963289e0dab4ea893bbecf12bb7d89294957bb x_refsource_MISC
- https://github.com/rmosolgo/graphql-ruby/commit/d1117ae0361d9ed67e0795b07f5c3e98e62f3c7c x_refsource_MISC
- https://github.com/rmosolgo/graphql-ruby/commit/e3b33ace05391da2871c75ab4d3b66e29133b367 x_refsource_MISC
- https://about.gitlab.com/releases/2025/03/12/patch-release-gitlab-17-9-2-released x_refsource_MISC
- https://github.com/github-community-projects/graphql-client x_refsource_MISC
- https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/08/msg00002.html