Vulnerability · Published Feb 3, 2025 · Assigned by GitHub_M
CVE-2025-24959Environment Variable Injection for dotenv API in zx
Low 1.0
In plain English
A low-severity code injection in zx from google. There are no confirmed reports of exploitation so far. The chance it is exploited in the next 30 days is estimated at 0.2% (higher than 7% of all known vulnerabilities). Fixed versions are available - upgrade the affected package.
Official description
zx is a tool for writing better scripts. An attacker with control over environment variable values can inject unintended environment variables into `process.env`. This can lead to arbitrary command execution or unexpected behavior in applications that rely on environment variables for security-sensitive operations. Applications that process untrusted input and pass it through `dotenv.stringify` are particularly vulnerable. This issue has been patched in version 8.3.2. Users should immediately upgrade to this version to mitigate the vulnerability. If upgrading is not feasible, users can mitigate the vulnerability by sanitizing user-controlled environment variable values before passing them to `dotenv.stringify`. Specifically, avoid using `"`, `'`, and backticks in values, or enforce strict validation of environment variables before usage.
Affected packages & fixed versions
| Ecosystem | Package | Fixed in | Advisory |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ubuntu:24.04:LTS | node-zx | no fix listed | UBUNTU-CVE-2025-24959 |
| Ubuntu:25.10 | node-zx | no fix listed | UBUNTU-CVE-2025-24959 |
| Ubuntu:26.04:LTS | node-zx | no fix listed | UBUNTU-CVE-2025-24959 |
| Ubuntu:26.10 | node-zx | no fix listed | UBUNTU-CVE-2025-24959 |
| npm | zx | 8.3.2 | GHSA-qwp8-x4ff-5h87 |
Affected products (as reported)
Weakness: CWE-94 · Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:A/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
References
- https://github.com/google/zx/security/advisories/GHSA-qwp8-x4ff-5h87 x_refsource_CONFIRM
- https://github.com/google/zx/pull/1094 x_refsource_MISC