Vulnerability · Published Mar 11, 2025 · Assigned by zdi

CVE-2025-2012Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt VS File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

High 7.8

In plain English

A high-severity out-of-bounds read in Cobalt from Ashlar-Vellum. There are no confirmed reports of exploitation so far. The chance it is exploited in the next 30 days is estimated at 0.3% (higher than 24% of all known vulnerabilities).

Severity (CVSS 3.0)7.8High

Exploit odds (30 days)0.3%top 76.1% of all CVEs

Exploited in the wildNo reportsCISA SSVC: none

Attack toolingNoneno public tooling known

Official description

Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt VS File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of VS files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-25185.

Affected products (as reported)

Vendor	Product	Versions
Ashlar-Vellum	Cobalt	1204.91

Weakness: CWE-125 · Vector: CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

References

ZDI-25-119 x_research-advisory