Vulnerability · Published Feb 27, 2025 · Assigned by Linux

CVE-2024-57976btrfs: do proper folio cleanup when cow_file_range() failed

High 7.8

In plain English

A high-severity security flaw in Linux from Linux. There are no confirmed reports of exploitation so far. The chance it is exploited in the next 30 days is estimated at 0.3% (higher than 19% of all known vulnerabilities). Fixed versions are available - upgrade the affected package.

Severity (CVSS 3.1)7.8High
Exploit odds (30 days)0.3%top 81.4% of all CVEs
Exploited in the wildNo reportsnot in CISA KEV
Attack toolingNoneno public tooling known

Official description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: btrfs: do proper folio cleanup when cow_file_range() failed [BUG] When testing with COW fixup marked as BUG_ON() (this is involved with the new pin_user_pages*() change, which should not result new out-of-band dirty pages), I hit a crash triggered by the BUG_ON() from hitting COW fixup path. This BUG_ON() happens just after a failed btrfs_run_delalloc_range(): BTRFS error (device dm-2): failed to run delalloc range, root 348 ino 405 folio 65536 submit_bitmap 6-15 start 90112 len 106496: -28 ------------[ cut here ]------------ kernel BUG at fs/btrfs/extent_io.c:1444! Internal error: Oops - BUG: 00000000f2000800 [#1] SMP CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 434621 Comm: kworker/u24:8 Tainted: G OE 6.12.0-rc7-custom+ #86 Hardware name: QEMU KVM Virtual Machine, BIOS unknown 2/2/2022 Workqueue: events_unbound btrfs_async_reclaim_data_space [btrfs] pc : extent_writepage_io+0x2d4/0x308 [btrfs] lr : extent_writepage_io+0x2d4/0x308 [btrfs] Call trace: extent_writepage_io+0x2d4/0x308 [btrfs] extent_writepage+0x218/0x330 [btrfs] extent_write_cache_pages+0x1d4/0x4b0 [btrfs] btrfs_writepages+0x94/0x150 [btrfs] do_writepages+0x74/0x190 filemap_fdatawrite_wbc+0x88/0xc8 start_delalloc_inodes+0x180/0x3b0 [btrfs] btrfs_start_delalloc_roots+0x174/0x280 [btrfs] shrink_delalloc+0x114/0x280 [btrfs] flush_space+0x250/0x2f8 [btrfs] btrfs_async_reclaim_data_space+0x180/0x228 [btrfs] process_one_work+0x164/0x408 worker_thread+0x25c/0x388 kthread+0x100/0x118 ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20 Code: aa1403e1 9402f3ef aa1403e0 9402f36f (d4210000) ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- [CAUSE] That failure is mostly from cow_file_range(), where we can hit -ENOSPC. Although the -ENOSPC is already a bug related to our space reservation code, let's just focus on the error handling. For example, we have the following dirty range [0, 64K) of an inode, with 4K sector size and 4K page size: 0 16K 32K 48K 64K |///////////////////////////////////////| |#######################################| Where |///| means page are still dirty, and |###| means the extent io tree has EXTENT_DELALLOC flag. - Enter extent_writepage() for page 0 - Enter btrfs_run_delalloc_range() for range [0, 64K) - Enter cow_file_range() for range [0, 64K) - Function btrfs_reserve_extent() only reserved one 16K extent So we created extent map and ordered extent for range [0, 16K) 0 16K 32K 48K 64K |////////|//////////////////////////////| |<- OE ->|##############################| And range [0, 16K) has its delalloc flag cleared. But since we haven't yet submit any bio, involved 4 pages are still dirty. - Function btrfs_reserve_extent() returns with -ENOSPC Now we have to run error cleanup, which will clear all EXTENT_DELALLOC* flags and clear the dirty flags for the remaining ranges: 0 16K 32K 48K 64K |////////| | | | | Note that range [0, 16K) still has its pages dirty. - Some time later, writeback is triggered again for the range [0, 16K) since the page range still has dirty flags. - btrfs_run_delalloc_range() will do nothing because there is no EXTENT_DELALLOC flag. - extent_writepage_io() finds page 0 has no ordered flag Which falls into the COW fixup path, triggering the BUG_ON(). Unfortunately this error handling bug dates back to the introduction of btrfs. Thankfully with the abuse of COW fixup, at least it won't crash the kernel. [FIX] Instead of immediately unlocking the extent and folios, we keep the extent and folios locked until either erroring out or the whole delalloc range finished. When the whole delalloc range finished without error, we just unlock the whole range with PAGE_SET_ORDERED (and PAGE_UNLOCK for !keep_locked cases) ---truncated---

Affected packages & fixed versions

EcosystemPackageFixed inAdvisory
Debian:12linuxno fix listedDEBIAN-CVE-2024-57976
Debian:13linux6.12.37-1DEBIAN-CVE-2024-57976
Debian:14linux6.12.37-1DEBIAN-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinuxno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinuxno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-allwinner-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-awsno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-awsno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.8no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azureno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azureno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.8no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-fdeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-fdeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde-6.8no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-nvidiano fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcpno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gcpno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.8no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gkeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gkeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gkeopno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gkeopno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-hwe-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.8no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-ibmno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-ibmno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-ibm-6.8no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-intelno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-intel-iot-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-intel-iotgno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-kvmno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatencyno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-lowlatencyno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.8no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidiano fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-nvidiano fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.8no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-lowlatencyno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-tegrano fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-tegrano fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-tegra-igxno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-5.17no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.0no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.1no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.8no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oracleno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oracleno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oracle-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oracle-6.8no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-raspino fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-raspino fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-raspi-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-riscvno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-riscvno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-riscv-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-riscv-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-riscv-6.8no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-starfive-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-starfive-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-starfive-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-vmwareno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-xilinxno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-xilinx-zynqmpno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2024-57976

Affected products (as reported)

VendorProductVersions
Linux Linux 8b62b72b26bcd72082c4a69d179dd906bcc22200 – before 29418ebb8b4d4d090e403d395a6db7e8455331f78b62b72b26bcd72082c4a69d179dd906bcc22200 – before 4ace6fb49c8be23b005828763d8b0d0bb0f3b0c58b62b72b26bcd72082c4a69d179dd906bcc22200 – before 10b3772292bf1be45604ba83fd9650eb94382e788b62b72b26bcd72082c4a69d179dd906bcc22200 – before 692cf71173bb41395c855acbbbe197d3aedfa5d48b62b72b26bcd72082c4a69d179dd906bcc22200 – before 06f364284794f149d2abc167c11d556cf20c954b
Linux Linux 2.6.32

References