Vulnerability · Published Jul 22, 2026 · Assigned by NLnet Labs

CVE-2026-44690Cross-zone wildcard cache poisoning via RRSIG.labels manipulation

High 7.5

In plain English

A high-severity insufficient verification of data authenticity in Unbound from NLnet Labs. There are no confirmed reports of exploitation so far. The chance it is exploited in the next 30 days is estimated at 0.2% (higher than 4% of all known vulnerabilities). Fixed versions are available - upgrade the affected package.

Severity (CVSS 3.1)7.5High
Exploit odds (30 days)0.2%top 95.5% of all CVEs
Exploited in the wildNo reportsCISA SSVC: none
Attack toolingNoneno public tooling known

Official description

In NLnet Labs Unbound 1.7.0 up to and including 1.25.1, insufficient validation of the RRSIG.Labels field combined with premature cache writes during RFC 8198 aggressive NSEC processing leads to cache poisoning that permits a malicious actor controlling a single delegated zone to poison arbitrary sibling zones under NSEC-signed parent domains. A malicious actor with one registered domain under an NSEC-signed TLD can serve malicious insecure DNS responses for unrelated sibling domains (sharing the same parent zone). Arbitrary delegations that do not exist under the parent domain and are covered by the parent's NSEC chain can be brought into insecure existence by fraudulent wildcard DS records (less labels than expected, unknown algorithm) from the malicious sibling domain. This allows the malicious actor to inject insecure wildcard records for those delegations.

Affected packages & fixed versions

EcosystemPackageFixed inAdvisory
AlmaLinux:10python3-unbound1.24.2-7.el10_2.4ALSA-2026:55892
AlmaLinux:8python3-unbound1.16.2-5.14.el8_10ALSA-2026:55784
AlmaLinux:9python3-unbound1.24.2-3.el9_8.4ALSA-2026:55841
AlmaLinux:10unbound1.24.2-7.el10_2.4ALSA-2026:55892
AlmaLinux:8unbound1.16.2-5.14.el8_10ALSA-2026:55784
AlmaLinux:9unbound1.24.2-3.el9_8.4ALSA-2026:55841
AlmaLinux:10unbound-anchor1.24.2-7.el10_2.4ALSA-2026:55892
AlmaLinux:10unbound-devel1.24.2-7.el10_2.4ALSA-2026:55892
AlmaLinux:8unbound-devel1.16.2-5.14.el8_10ALSA-2026:55784
AlmaLinux:9unbound-devel1.24.2-3.el9_8.4ALSA-2026:55841
AlmaLinux:10unbound-dracut1.24.2-7.el10_2.4ALSA-2026:55892
AlmaLinux:9unbound-dracut1.24.2-3.el9_8.4ALSA-2026:55841
AlmaLinux:10unbound-libs1.24.2-7.el10_2.4ALSA-2026:55892
AlmaLinux:8unbound-libs1.16.2-5.14.el8_10ALSA-2026:55784
AlmaLinux:9unbound-libs1.24.2-3.el9_8.4ALSA-2026:55841
AlmaLinux:10unbound-utils1.24.2-7.el10_2.4ALSA-2026:55892
Alpine:v3.22unbound1.25.2-r0ALPINE-CVE-2026-44690
Alpine:v3.23unbound1.25.2-r0ALPINE-CVE-2026-44690
Alpine:v3.24unbound1.25.2-r0ALPINE-CVE-2026-44690
Debian:12unboundno fix listedDEBIAN-CVE-2026-44690
Debian:13unbound1.26.1-0+deb13u1DEBIAN-CVE-2026-44690
Debian:14unbound1.25.2-1DEBIAN-CVE-2026-44690
Rocky Linux:10unbound0:1.24.2-7.el10_2.4RLSA-2026:55892
Rocky Linux:8unbound0:1.16.2-5.14.el8_10RLSA-2026:55784
Rocky Linux:9unbound0:1.24.2-3.el9_8.4RLSA-2026:55841
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSunbound1.13.1-1ubuntu5.17USN-8946-1
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSunbound1.13.1-1ubuntu5.17UBUNTU-CVE-2026-44690
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSunbound1.19.2-1ubuntu3.12UBUNTU-CVE-2026-44690
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSunbound1.19.2-1ubuntu3.12USN-8946-1
Ubuntu:26.04:LTSunbound1.24.2-1ubuntu2.4UBUNTU-CVE-2026-44690
Ubuntu:26.04:LTSunbound1.24.2-1ubuntu2.4USN-8946-1
Ubuntu:26.10unboundno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2026-44690

Affected products (as reported)

VendorProductVersions
NLnet Labs Unbound 1.7.0 – before 1.25.2

Weakness: CWE-345 · Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

References