Vulnerability · Published Apr 9, 2026 · Assigned by GitHub_M

CVE-2026-40088Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection') in praisonai

Critical 9.7

In plain English

A critical-severity OS command injection in PraisonAI from MervinPraison. Proof-of-concept exploit code is public. The chance it is exploited in the next 30 days is estimated at 0.4% (higher than 37% of all known vulnerabilities). Fixed versions are available - upgrade the affected package.

Severity (CVSS 3.1)9.7Critical

Exploit odds (30 days)0.4%top 63.0% of all CVEs

Exploited in the wildNo reportsCISA SSVC: poc

Attack toolingNoneno public tooling known

Official description

PraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. Prior to 4.5.121, the execute_command function and workflow shell execution are exposed to user-controlled input via agent workflows, YAML definitions, and LLM-generated tool calls, allowing attackers to inject arbitrary shell commands through shell metacharacters. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.5.121.

Affected packages & fixed versions

Ecosystem	Package	Fixed in	Advisory
PyPI	praisonai	4.5.121	GHSA-2763-cj5r-c79m
PyPI	praisonai	4.5.121	GHSA-2763-cj5r-c79m
PyPI	praisonai	4.5.121	PYSEC-2026-461

Affected products (as reported)

Vendor	Product	Versions
MervinPraison	PraisonAI	< 4.5.121

Weakness: CWE-78 · Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

References

https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI/security/advisories/GHSA-2763-cj5r-c79m x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI/releases/tag/v4.5.121 x_refsource_MISC