Vulnerability · Published Jan 13, 2026 · Assigned by Linux

CVE-2025-71097ipv4: Fix reference count leak when using error routes with nexthop objects

Medium 5.5

In plain English

A medium-severity memory leak in Linux from Linux. There are no confirmed reports of exploitation so far. The chance it is exploited in the next 30 days is estimated at 0.1% (higher than 3% of all known vulnerabilities). Fixed versions are available - upgrade the affected package.

Severity (CVSS NVD)5.5Medium
Exploit odds (30 days)0.1%top 96.6% of all CVEs
Exploited in the wildNo reportsCISA SSVC: none
Attack toolingNoneno public tooling known

Official description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ipv4: Fix reference count leak when using error routes with nexthop objects When a nexthop object is deleted, it is marked as dead and then fib_table_flush() is called to flush all the routes that are using the dead nexthop. The current logic in fib_table_flush() is to only flush error routes (e.g., blackhole) when it is called as part of network namespace dismantle (i.e., with flush_all=true). Therefore, error routes are not flushed when their nexthop object is deleted: # ip link add name dummy1 up type dummy # ip nexthop add id 1 dev dummy1 # ip route add 198.51.100.1/32 nhid 1 # ip route add blackhole 198.51.100.2/32 nhid 1 # ip nexthop del id 1 # ip route show blackhole 198.51.100.2 nhid 1 dev dummy1 As such, they keep holding a reference on the nexthop object which in turn holds a reference on the nexthop device, resulting in a reference count leak: # ip link del dev dummy1 [ 70.516258] unregister_netdevice: waiting for dummy1 to become free. Usage count = 2 Fix by flushing error routes when their nexthop is marked as dead. IPv6 does not suffer from this problem.

Affected packages & fixed versions

EcosystemPackageFixed inAdvisory
Debian:12linux6.1.162-1DEBIAN-CVE-2025-71097
Debian:13linux6.12.69-1DEBIAN-CVE-2025-71097
Debian:14linux6.18.5-1DEBIAN-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux5.15.0-173.183UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux6.8.0-110.110UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:25.10linux6.17.0-22.22UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-allwinner-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws5.15.0-1103.110UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-aws6.8.0-1052.55UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:25.10linux-aws6.17.0-1012.12UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.176.17.0-1012.12~24.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.86.8.0-1052.55~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure5.15.0-1109.118UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure6.8.0-1054.60UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:25.10linux-azure6.17.0-1013.13UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.176.17.0-1013.13~24.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.86.8.0-1059.65~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde5.15.0-1109.118.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde6.8.0-1058.65UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:25.10linux-azure-fdeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde-6.86.8.0-1058.65~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-nvidiano fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-nvidia-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp5.15.0-1103.112UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gcp6.8.0-1054.57UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:25.10linux-gcp6.17.0-1012.12UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.176.17.0-1012.12~24.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.86.8.0-1054.57~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gke5.15.0-1099.105UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gke6.8.0-1050.56UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gkeop5.15.0-1086.94UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gkeop6.8.0-1037.40UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-hwe-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.176.17.0-22.22~24.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.86.8.0-110.110~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-ibm5.15.0-1097.100UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-ibm6.8.0-1051.51UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-ibm-6.86.8.0-1051.51~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-intel-iot-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-intel-iotg5.15.0-1098.104UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-kvm5.15.0-1095.100UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency5.15.0-173.183UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency6.8.0-110.110.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.86.8.0-110.110.1~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia5.15.0-1098.99UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-nvidia6.8.0-1051.54UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.176.17.0-1018.18UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.86.8.0-1051.54~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-lowlatency6.8.0-1051.54.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-tegra5.15.0-1055.55UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-tegra6.8.0-1022.22UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-tegra-igx5.15.0-1044.44UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-5.17no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.0no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.1no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.176.17.0-1020.20UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.8no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oracle5.15.0-1100.106UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oracle6.8.0-1049.50UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:25.10linux-oracle6.17.0-1011.11UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oracle-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oracle-6.176.17.0-1011.11~24.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oracle-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oracle-6.86.8.0-1049.50~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-raspi5.15.0-1097.100UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-raspi6.8.0-1052.56UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:25.10linux-raspi6.17.0-1013.13UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-raspi-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:25.10linux-realtime6.17.0-1010.11UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-riscvno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-riscvno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:25.10linux-riscv6.17.0-22.22.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-riscv-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-riscv-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-riscv-6.176.17.0-22.22.1~24.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-riscv-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-riscv-6.86.8.0-110.110~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-starfive-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-starfive-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-starfive-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-xilinx6.8.0-1028.29UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-xilinx-zynqmp5.15.0-1067.71UBUNTU-CVE-2025-71097

Affected products (as reported)

VendorProductVersions
Linux Linux 493ced1ac47c48bb86d9d4e8e87df8592be85a0e – before 5de7ad7e18356e39e8fbf7edd185a5faaf4f385a493ced1ac47c48bb86d9d4e8e87df8592be85a0e – before 33ff5c207c873215e54e6176624ed57423cb7dea493ced1ac47c48bb86d9d4e8e87df8592be85a0e – before 30386e090c49e803c0616a7147e43409c32a2b0e493ced1ac47c48bb86d9d4e8e87df8592be85a0e – before 5979338c83012110ccd45cae6517591770bfe536493ced1ac47c48bb86d9d4e8e87df8592be85a0e – before ee4183501ea556dca31f5ffd8690aa9fd25b609f493ced1ac47c48bb86d9d4e8e87df8592be85a0e – before e3fc381320d04e4a74311e576a86cac49a16fc43493ced1ac47c48bb86d9d4e8e87df8592be85a0e – before ac782f4e3bfcde145b8a7f8af31d9422d94d172a
Linux Linux 5.3

Weakness: CWE-401

References