Vulnerability · Published Dec 16, 2025 · Assigned by Linux

CVE-2025-68241ipv4: route: Prevent rt_bind_exception() from rebinding stale fnhe

High 7.5

In plain English

A high-severity security flaw in Linux from Linux. There are no confirmed reports of exploitation so far. The chance it is exploited in the next 30 days is estimated at 0.5% (higher than 40% of all known vulnerabilities). Fixed versions are available - upgrade the affected package.

Severity (CVSS 3.1)7.5High
Exploit odds (30 days)0.5%top 59.5% of all CVEs
Exploited in the wildNo reportsCISA SSVC: none
Attack toolingNoneno public tooling known

Official description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ipv4: route: Prevent rt_bind_exception() from rebinding stale fnhe The sit driver's packet transmission path calls: sit_tunnel_xmit() -> update_or_create_fnhe(), which lead to fnhe_remove_oldest() being called to delete entries exceeding FNHE_RECLAIM_DEPTH+random. The race window is between fnhe_remove_oldest() selecting fnheX for deletion and the subsequent kfree_rcu(). During this time, the concurrent path's __mkroute_output() -> find_exception() can fetch the soon-to-be-deleted fnheX, and rt_bind_exception() then binds it with a new dst using a dst_hold(). When the original fnheX is freed via RCU, the dst reference remains permanently leaked. CPU 0 CPU 1 __mkroute_output() find_exception() [fnheX] update_or_create_fnhe() fnhe_remove_oldest() [fnheX] rt_bind_exception() [bind dst] RCU callback [fnheX freed, dst leak] This issue manifests as a device reference count leak and a warning in dmesg when unregistering the net device: unregister_netdevice: waiting for sitX to become free. Usage count = N Ido Schimmel provided the simple test validation method [1]. The fix clears 'oldest->fnhe_daddr' before calling fnhe_flush_routes(). Since rt_bind_exception() checks this field, setting it to zero prevents the stale fnhe from being reused and bound to a new dst just before it is freed. [1] ip netns add ns1 ip -n ns1 link set dev lo up ip -n ns1 address add 192.0.2.1/32 dev lo ip -n ns1 link add name dummy1 up type dummy ip -n ns1 route add 192.0.2.2/32 dev dummy1 ip -n ns1 link add name gretap1 up arp off type gretap \ local 192.0.2.1 remote 192.0.2.2 ip -n ns1 route add 198.51.0.0/16 dev gretap1 taskset -c 0 ip netns exec ns1 mausezahn gretap1 \ -A 198.51.100.1 -B 198.51.0.0/16 -t udp -p 1000 -c 0 -q & taskset -c 2 ip netns exec ns1 mausezahn gretap1 \ -A 198.51.100.1 -B 198.51.0.0/16 -t udp -p 1000 -c 0 -q & sleep 10 ip netns pids ns1 | xargs kill ip netns del ns1

Affected packages & fixed versions

EcosystemPackageFixed inAdvisory
Debian:12linux6.1.159-1DEBIAN-CVE-2025-68241
Debian:13linux6.12.63-1DEBIAN-CVE-2025-68241
Debian:14linux6.17.9-1DEBIAN-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux5.15.0-173.183UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux6.8.0-106.106UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:25.10linux6.17.0-14.14UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-allwinner-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws5.15.0-1103.110UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-aws6.8.0-1050.53UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:25.10linux-aws6.17.0-1007.7UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.176.17.0-1007.7~24.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.86.8.0-1050.53~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure5.15.0-1109.118UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure6.8.0-1051.57UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:25.10linux-azure6.17.0-1008.8UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.86.8.0-1051.57~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde5.15.0-1109.118.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde6.8.0-1058.65UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:25.10linux-azure-fdeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde-6.86.8.0-1058.65~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-nvidiano fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-nvidia-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp5.15.0-1103.112UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gcp6.8.0-1052.55UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:25.10linux-gcp6.17.0-1007.7UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.176.17.0-1008.8~24.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.86.8.0-1052.55~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gke5.15.0-1099.105UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gke6.8.0-1048.53UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gkeop5.15.0-1086.94UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gkeop6.8.0-1035.38UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-hwe-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.86.8.0-106.106~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-ibm5.15.0-1097.100UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-ibm6.8.0-1049.49UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-ibm-6.86.8.0-1049.49~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-intel-iot-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-intel-iotg5.15.0-1098.104UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-kvm5.15.0-1095.100UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency5.15.0-173.183UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency6.8.0-106.106.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.86.8.0-106.106.1~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia5.15.0-1098.99UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-nvidia6.8.0-1049.52UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.176.17.0-1008.8UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.86.8.0-1049.52~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-lowlatency6.8.0-1049.52.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-tegra5.15.0-1055.55UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-tegra6.8.0-1020.20UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-tegra-igx5.15.0-1044.44UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-5.17no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.0no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.1no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.176.17.0-1011.11UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.8no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oracle5.15.0-1100.106UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oracle6.8.0-1047.48UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:25.10linux-oracle6.17.0-1007.7UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oracle-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oracle-6.176.17.0-1007.7~24.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oracle-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oracle-6.86.8.0-1047.48~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-raspi5.15.0-1097.100UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-raspi6.8.0-1050.54UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:25.10linux-raspi6.17.0-1008.8UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-raspi-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:25.10linux-realtime6.17.0-1006.7UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-riscvno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-riscvno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:25.10linux-riscv6.17.0-14.14.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-riscv-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-riscv-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-riscv-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-riscv-6.86.8.0-106.106~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-starfive-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-starfive-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-starfive-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-xilinx6.8.0-1028.29UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-xilinx-zynqmp5.15.0-1067.71UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68241

Affected products (as reported)

VendorProductVersions
Linux Linux e46e23c289f62ccd8e2230d9ce652072d777ff30 – before 69d35c12168f9c59b159ae566f77dfad9f96d7ca5867e20e1808acd0c832ddea2587e5ee49813874 – before 4b7210da22429765d19460d38c30eeca7265628267d6d681e15b578c1725bad8ad079e05d1c48a8e – before 298f1e0694ab4edb6092d66efed93c4554e6ced167d6d681e15b578c1725bad8ad079e05d1c48a8e – before b8a44407bdaf2f0c5505cc7d9fc7d8da90cf9a9467d6d681e15b578c1725bad8ad079e05d1c48a8e – before 041ab9ca6e80d8f792bb69df28ebf1ef39c06af867d6d681e15b578c1725bad8ad079e05d1c48a8e – before b84f083f50ecc736a95091691339a1b363962f0e67d6d681e15b578c1725bad8ad079e05d1c48a8e – before 0fd16ed6dc331636fb2a874c42d2f7d3156f7ff067d6d681e15b578c1725bad8ad079e05d1c48a8e – before ac1499fcd40fe06479e9b933347b837ccabc2a40
Linux Linux 5.15

References