Vulnerability · Published Jul 7, 2025 · Assigned by GitHub_M

CVE-2025-53540CSRF Vulnerability in Firmware Update Endpoints Allows Remote Code Execution

High 8.7

In plain English

A high-severity cross-site request forgery in arduino-esp32 from espressif. Proof-of-concept exploit code is public. The chance it is exploited in the next 30 days is estimated at 0.3% (higher than 27% of all known vulnerabilities).

Severity (CVSS 4.0)8.7High

Exploit odds (30 days)0.3%top 73.1% of all CVEs

Exploited in the wildNo reportsCISA SSVC: poc

Attack toolingNoneno public tooling known

Official description

arduino-esp32 is an Arduino core for the ESP32, ESP32-S2, ESP32-S3, ESP32-C3, ESP32-C6 and ESP32-H2 microcontrollers. Several OTA update examples and the HTTPUpdateServer implementation are vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF). The update endpoints accept POST requests for firmware uploads without CSRF protection. This allows an attacker to upload and execute arbitrary firmware, resulting in remote code execution (RCE). This vulnerability is fixed in 3.2.1.

Affected products (as reported)

Vendor	Product	Versions
espressif	arduino-esp32	< 3.2.1

Weakness: CWE-352 · Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

References

https://github.com/espressif/arduino-esp32/security/advisories/GHSA-9vfw-wx65-c872 x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/espressif/arduino-esp32/commit/f4fdecc60c465384e465a4b1d2bd1eac8f67912e x_refsource_MISC