Vulnerability · Published Apr 30, 2025 · Assigned by GitHub_M

CVE-2025-46560vLLM phi4mm: Quadratic Time Complexity in Input Token Processing​ leads to denial of service

Medium 6.5

In plain English

A medium-severity regular-expression denial of service in vllm from vllm-project. Proof-of-concept exploit code is public. The chance it is exploited in the next 30 days is estimated at 0.5% (higher than 45% of all known vulnerabilities). Fixed versions are available - upgrade the affected package.

Severity (CVSS 3.1)6.5Medium
Exploit odds (30 days)0.5%top 54.8% of all CVEs
Exploited in the wildNo reportsCISA SSVC: poc
Attack toolingNoneno public tooling known

Official description

vLLM is a high-throughput and memory-efficient inference and serving engine for LLMs. Versions starting from 0.8.0 and prior to 0.8.5 are affected by a critical performance vulnerability in the input preprocessing logic of the multimodal tokenizer. The code dynamically replaces placeholder tokens (e.g., <|audio_|>, <|image_|>) with repeated tokens based on precomputed lengths. Due to ​​inefficient list concatenation operations​​, the algorithm exhibits ​​quadratic time complexity (O(n²))​​, allowing malicious actors to trigger resource exhaustion via specially crafted inputs. This issue has been patched in version 0.8.5.

Affected packages & fixed versions

EcosystemPackageFixed inAdvisory
PyPIvllm0.8.5GHSA-vc6m-hm49-g9qg
PyPIvllm0.8.5PYSEC-2026-2022

Affected products (as reported)

VendorProductVersions
vllm-project vllm >= 0.8.0, < 0.8.5

Weakness: CWE-1333 · Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

References