Vulnerability · Published Dec 4, 2025 · Assigned by Linux

CVE-2025-40237fs/notify: call exportfs_encode_fid with s_umount

Unrated

In plain English

A security flaw in Linux from Linux. There are no confirmed reports of exploitation so far. The chance it is exploited in the next 30 days is estimated at 0.2% (higher than 12% of all known vulnerabilities). Fixed versions are available - upgrade the affected package.

Severity (CVSS )–Not rated
Exploit odds (30 days)0.2%top 88.0% of all CVEs
Exploited in the wildNo reportsnot in CISA KEV
Attack toolingNoneno public tooling known

Official description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: fs/notify: call exportfs_encode_fid with s_umount Calling intotify_show_fdinfo() on fd watching an overlayfs inode, while the overlayfs is being unmounted, can lead to dereferencing NULL ptr. This issue was found by syzkaller. Race Condition Diagram: Thread 1 Thread 2 -------- -------- generic_shutdown_super() shrink_dcache_for_umount sb->s_root = NULL | | vfs_read() | inotify_fdinfo() | * inode get from mark * | show_mark_fhandle(m, inode) | exportfs_encode_fid(inode, ..) | ovl_encode_fh(inode, ..) | ovl_check_encode_origin(inode) | * deref i_sb->s_root * | | v fsnotify_sb_delete(sb) Which then leads to: [ 32.133461] Oops: general protection fault, probably for non-canonical address 0xdffffc0000000006: 0000 [#1] SMP DEBUG_PAGEALLOC KASAN NOPTI [ 32.134438] KASAN: null-ptr-deref in range [0x0000000000000030-0x0000000000000037] [ 32.135032] CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 4468 Comm: systemd-coredum Not tainted 6.17.0-rc6 #22 PREEMPT(none) <snip registers, unreliable trace> [ 32.143353] Call Trace: [ 32.143732] ovl_encode_fh+0xd5/0x170 [ 32.144031] exportfs_encode_inode_fh+0x12f/0x300 [ 32.144425] show_mark_fhandle+0xbe/0x1f0 [ 32.145805] inotify_fdinfo+0x226/0x2d0 [ 32.146442] inotify_show_fdinfo+0x1c5/0x350 [ 32.147168] seq_show+0x530/0x6f0 [ 32.147449] seq_read_iter+0x503/0x12a0 [ 32.148419] seq_read+0x31f/0x410 [ 32.150714] vfs_read+0x1f0/0x9e0 [ 32.152297] ksys_read+0x125/0x240 IOW ovl_check_encode_origin derefs inode->i_sb->s_root, after it was set to NULL in the unmount path. Fix it by protecting calling exportfs_encode_fid() from show_mark_fhandle() with s_umount lock. This form of fix was suggested by Amir in [1]. [1]: https://lore.kernel.org/all/CAOQ4uxhbDwhb+2Brs1UdkoF0a3NSdBAOQPNfEHjahrgoKJpLEw@mail.gmail.com/

Affected packages & fixed versions

EcosystemPackageFixed inAdvisory
AlmaLinux:10kernel6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-64k6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-64k-core6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-64k-debug6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-64k-debug-core6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-64k-debug-devel6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-64k-debug-devel-matched6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-64k-debug-modules6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-64k-debug-modules-core6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-64k-debug-modules-extra6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-64k-devel6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-64k-devel-matched6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-64k-modules6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-64k-modules-core6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-64k-modules-extra6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-abi-stablelists6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-core6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-cross-headers6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-debug6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-debug-core6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-debug-devel6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-debug-devel-matched6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-debug-modules6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-debug-modules-core6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-debug-modules-extra6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-debug-uki-virt6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-devel6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-devel-matched6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-doc6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-headers6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-modules6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-modules-core6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-modules-extra6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-modules-extra-matched6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-rt6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-rt-64k6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-rt-64k-core6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-rt-64k-debug6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-rt-64k-debug-core6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-rt-64k-debug-devel6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-rt-64k-debug-modules6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-rt-64k-debug-modules-core6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-rt-64k-debug-modules-extra6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-rt-64k-devel6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-rt-64k-modules6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-rt-64k-modules-core6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-rt-64k-modules-extra6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-rt-core6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-rt-debug6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-rt-debug-core6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-rt-debug-devel6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-rt-debug-modules6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-rt-debug-modules-core6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-rt-debug-modules-extra6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-rt-devel6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-rt-modules6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-rt-modules-core6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-rt-modules-extra6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-tools6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-tools-libs6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-tools-libs-devel6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-uki-virt6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-uki-virt-addons6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-zfcpdump6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-zfcpdump-core6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-zfcpdump-devel6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-zfcpdump-devel-matched6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-zfcpdump-modules6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-zfcpdump-modules-core6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10kernel-zfcpdump-modules-extra6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10libperf6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10perf6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10python3-perf6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10rtla6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
AlmaLinux:10rv6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2ALSA-2026:45114
Debian:13linux6.12.57-1DEBIAN-CVE-2025-40237
Debian:14linux6.17.6-1DEBIAN-CVE-2025-40237
Rocky Linux:10kernel0:6.12.0-211.39.1.el10_2RLSA-2026:45114
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux6.8.0-106.106UBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:25.10linux6.17.0-14.14UBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-allwinner-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-aws6.8.0-1050.53UBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:25.10linux-aws6.17.0-1007.7UBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.176.17.0-1007.7~24.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.86.8.0-1050.53~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure6.8.0-1051.57UBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:25.10linux-azure6.17.0-1008.8UBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.86.8.0-1051.57~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde6.8.0-1058.65UBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:25.10linux-azure-fdeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde-6.86.8.0-1058.65~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-nvidiano fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-nvidia-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gcp6.8.0-1052.55UBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:25.10linux-gcp6.17.0-1007.7UBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.176.17.0-1008.8~24.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.86.8.0-1052.55~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gke6.8.0-1048.53UBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gkeop6.8.0-1035.38UBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-hwe-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.86.8.0-106.106~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-ibm6.8.0-1049.49UBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-ibm-6.86.8.0-1049.49~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-intel-iot-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency6.8.0-106.106.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.86.8.0-106.106.1~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-nvidia6.8.0-1049.52UBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.176.17.0-1008.8UBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.86.8.0-1049.52~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-lowlatency6.8.0-1049.52.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-tegra6.8.0-1020.20UBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-5.17no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.0no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.1no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.176.17.0-1011.11UBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.8no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oracle6.8.0-1047.48UBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:25.10linux-oracle6.17.0-1007.7UBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oracle-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oracle-6.176.17.0-1007.7~24.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oracle-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oracle-6.86.8.0-1047.48~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-raspi6.8.0-1050.54UBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:25.10linux-raspi6.17.0-1008.8UBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-raspi-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:25.10linux-realtime6.17.0-1006.7UBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-riscvno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-riscvno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:25.10linux-riscv6.17.0-14.14.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-riscv-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-riscv-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-riscv-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-riscv-6.86.8.0-106.106~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-starfive-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-starfive-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-starfive-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-xilinx6.8.0-1028.29UBUNTU-CVE-2025-40237

Affected products (as reported)

VendorProductVersions
Linux Linux a1a541fbfa7e97c1100144db34b57553d7164ce5 – before 950b604384fd75d62e860bec7135b2b62eb4d508f0c0ac84de17c37e6e84da65fb920f91dada55ad – before bc1c6b803e14ea2b8f7e33b7164013f666ceb6563c7c90274ae339e1ad443c9be1c67a20b80b9c76 – before 3f307a9f7a7a2822e38ac451b73e2244e7279496c45beebfde34aa71afbc48b2c54cdda623515037 – before d1894bc542becb0fda61e7e513b09523cab44030c45beebfde34aa71afbc48b2c54cdda623515037 – before a7c4bb43bfdc2b9f06ee9d036028ed13a83df42a6.6.72 – before 6.6.736.6.74 – before 6.6.1156.12.10 – before 6.12.56
Linux Linux 6.13

References