Vulnerability · Published Oct 15, 2025 · Assigned by Linux

CVE-2025-39966iommufd: Fix race during abort for file descriptors

High 7.8

In plain English

A high-severity security flaw in Linux from Linux. There are no confirmed reports of exploitation so far. The chance it is exploited in the next 30 days is estimated at 0.1% (higher than 2% of all known vulnerabilities). Fixed versions are available - upgrade the affected package.

Severity (CVSS 3.1)7.8High
Exploit odds (30 days)0.1%top 98.5% of all CVEs
Exploited in the wildNo reportsnot in CISA KEV
Attack toolingNoneno public tooling known

Official description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: iommufd: Fix race during abort for file descriptors fput() doesn't actually call file_operations release() synchronously, it puts the file on a work queue and it will be released eventually. This is normally fine, except for iommufd the file and the iommufd_object are tied to gether. The file has the object as it's private_data and holds a users refcount, while the object is expected to remain alive as long as the file is. When the allocation of a new object aborts before installing the file it will fput() the file and then go on to immediately kfree() the obj. This causes a UAF once the workqueue completes the fput() and tries to decrement the users refcount. Fix this by putting the core code in charge of the file lifetime, and call __fput_sync() during abort to ensure that release() is called before kfree. __fput_sync() is a bit too tricky to open code in all the object implementations. Instead the objects tell the core code where the file pointer is and the core will take care of the life cycle. If the object is successfully allocated then the file will hold a users refcount and the iommufd_object cannot be destroyed. It is worth noting that close(); ioctl(IOMMU_DESTROY); doesn't have an issue because close() is already using a synchronous version of fput(). The UAF looks like this: BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in iommufd_eventq_fops_release+0x45/0xc0 drivers/iommu/iommufd/eventq.c:376 Write of size 4 at addr ffff888059c97804 by task syz.0.46/6164 CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 6164 Comm: syz.0.46 Not tainted syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 08/18/2025 Call Trace: <TASK> __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline] dump_stack_lvl+0x116/0x1f0 lib/dump_stack.c:120 print_address_description mm/kasan/report.c:378 [inline] print_report+0xcd/0x630 mm/kasan/report.c:482 kasan_report+0xe0/0x110 mm/kasan/report.c:595 check_region_inline mm/kasan/generic.c:183 [inline] kasan_check_range+0x100/0x1b0 mm/kasan/generic.c:189 instrument_atomic_read_write include/linux/instrumented.h:96 [inline] atomic_fetch_sub_release include/linux/atomic/atomic-instrumented.h:400 [inline] __refcount_dec include/linux/refcount.h:455 [inline] refcount_dec include/linux/refcount.h:476 [inline] iommufd_eventq_fops_release+0x45/0xc0 drivers/iommu/iommufd/eventq.c:376 __fput+0x402/0xb70 fs/file_table.c:468 task_work_run+0x14d/0x240 kernel/task_work.c:227 resume_user_mode_work include/linux/resume_user_mode.h:50 [inline] exit_to_user_mode_loop+0xeb/0x110 kernel/entry/common.c:43 exit_to_user_mode_prepare include/linux/irq-entry-common.h:225 [inline] syscall_exit_to_user_mode_work include/linux/entry-common.h:175 [inline] syscall_exit_to_user_mode include/linux/entry-common.h:210 [inline] do_syscall_64+0x41c/0x4c0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:100 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f

Affected packages & fixed versions

EcosystemPackageFixed inAdvisory
AlmaLinux:9kernel5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-64k5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-64k-core5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-64k-debug5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-64k-debug-core5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-64k-debug-devel5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-64k-debug-devel-matched5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-64k-debug-modules5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-64k-debug-modules-core5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-64k-debug-modules-extra5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-64k-devel5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-64k-devel-matched5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-64k-modules5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-64k-modules-core5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-64k-modules-extra5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:10kernel-abi-stablelists6.12.0-124.27.1.el10_1ALSA-2026:0453
AlmaLinux:9kernel-abi-stablelists5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-core5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-cross-headers5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-debug5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-debug-core5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-debug-devel5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-debug-devel-matched5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-debug-modules5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-debug-modules-core5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-debug-modules-extra5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-debug-uki-virt5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-devel5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-devel-matched5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:10kernel-doc6.12.0-124.27.1.el10_1ALSA-2026:0453
AlmaLinux:9kernel-doc5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-headers5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-modules5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-modules-core5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-modules-extra5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-rt5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-rt-64k5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-rt-64k-core5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-rt-64k-debug5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-rt-64k-debug-core5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-rt-64k-debug-devel5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-rt-64k-debug-modules5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-rt-64k-debug-modules-core5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-rt-64k-debug-modules-extra5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-rt-64k-devel5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-rt-64k-modules5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-rt-64k-modules-core5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-rt-64k-modules-extra5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-rt-core5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-rt-debug5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-rt-debug-core5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-rt-debug-devel5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-rt-debug-modules5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-rt-debug-modules-core5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-rt-debug-modules-extra5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-rt-devel5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-rt-modules5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-rt-modules-core5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-rt-modules-extra5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-tools5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-tools-libs5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-tools-libs-devel5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-uki-virt5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-uki-virt-addons5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-zfcpdump5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-zfcpdump-core5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-zfcpdump-devel5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-zfcpdump-devel-matched5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-zfcpdump-modules5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-zfcpdump-modules-core5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9kernel-zfcpdump-modules-extra5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9libperf5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9perf5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9python3-perf5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9rtla5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
AlmaLinux:9rv5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7ALSA-2025:23241
Debian:13linux6.12.57-1DEBIAN-CVE-2025-39966
Debian:14linux6.16.10-1DEBIAN-CVE-2025-39966
Rocky Linux:10kernel0:6.12.0-124.27.1.el10_1RLSA-2026:0453
Rocky Linux:9kernel0:5.14.0-611.16.1.el9_7RLSA-2025:23241
Ubuntu:25.10linux6.17.0-6.6UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-allwinner-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:25.10linux-aws6.17.0-1003.3UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:25.10linux-azure6.17.0-1006.6UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:25.10linux-azure-fdeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-nvidia-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:25.10linux-gcp6.17.0-1003.3UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-hwe-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-intel-iot-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-5.17no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.0no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.1no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.8no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:25.10linux-oracle6.17.0-1003.3UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oracle-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oracle-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:25.10linux-raspi6.17.0-1004.4UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-raspi-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:25.10linux-realtime6.17.0-1002.3UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-riscvno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-riscvno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:25.10linux-riscv6.17.0-6.6.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-riscv-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-riscv-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-riscv-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-starfive-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-starfive-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-starfive-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39966

Affected products (as reported)

VendorProductVersions
Linux Linux 07838f7fd529c8a6de44b601d4b7057e6c8d36ed – before 17195a7d754a5c6a31888702ca93f6f08f3383ad07838f7fd529c8a6de44b601d4b7057e6c8d36ed – before e4825368285e33d6360c6c6a6a10d2d83da06e5507838f7fd529c8a6de44b601d4b7057e6c8d36ed – before 4e034bf045b12852a24d5d33f2451850818ba0c1
Linux Linux 6.11

References