Vulnerability · Published Oct 4, 2025 · Assigned by Linux

CVE-2025-39950net/tcp: Fix a NULL pointer dereference when using TCP-AO with TCP_REPAIR

Medium 5.5

In plain English

A medium-severity security flaw in Linux from Linux. There are no confirmed reports of exploitation so far. The chance it is exploited in the next 30 days is estimated at 0.1% (higher than 4% of all known vulnerabilities). Fixed versions are available - upgrade the affected package.

Severity (CVSS NVD)5.5Medium
Exploit odds (30 days)0.1%top 95.8% of all CVEs
Exploited in the wildNo reportsnot in CISA KEV
Attack toolingNoneno public tooling known

Official description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/tcp: Fix a NULL pointer dereference when using TCP-AO with TCP_REPAIR A NULL pointer dereference can occur in tcp_ao_finish_connect() during a connect() system call on a socket with a TCP-AO key added and TCP_REPAIR enabled. The function is called with skb being NULL and attempts to dereference it on tcp_hdr(skb)->seq without a prior skb validation. Fix this by checking if skb is NULL before dereferencing it. The commentary is taken from bpf_skops_established(), which is also called in the same flow. Unlike the function being patched, bpf_skops_established() validates the skb before dereferencing it. int main(void){ struct sockaddr_in sockaddr; struct tcp_ao_add tcp_ao; int sk; int one = 1; memset(&sockaddr,'\0',sizeof(sockaddr)); memset(&tcp_ao,'\0',sizeof(tcp_ao)); sk = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP); sockaddr.sin_family = AF_INET; memcpy(tcp_ao.alg_name,"cmac(aes128)",12); memcpy(tcp_ao.key,"ABCDEFGHABCDEFGH",16); tcp_ao.keylen = 16; memcpy(&tcp_ao.addr,&sockaddr,sizeof(sockaddr)); setsockopt(sk, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_AO_ADD_KEY, &tcp_ao, sizeof(tcp_ao)); setsockopt(sk, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_REPAIR, &one, sizeof(one)); sockaddr.sin_family = AF_INET; sockaddr.sin_port = htobe16(123); inet_aton("127.0.0.1", &sockaddr.sin_addr); connect(sk,(struct sockaddr *)&sockaddr,sizeof(sockaddr)); return 0; } $ gcc tcp-ao-nullptr.c -o tcp-ao-nullptr -Wall $ unshare -Urn BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 00000000000000b6 PGD 1f648d067 P4D 1f648d067 PUD 1982e8067 PMD 0 Oops: Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP NOPTI Hardware name: VMware, Inc. VMware Virtual Platform/440BX Desktop Reference Platform, BIOS 6.00 11/12/2020 RIP: 0010:tcp_ao_finish_connect (net/ipv4/tcp_ao.c:1182)

Affected packages & fixed versions

EcosystemPackageFixed inAdvisory
Debian:13linux6.12.57-1DEBIAN-CVE-2025-39950
Debian:14linux6.16.9-1DEBIAN-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux6.8.0-106.106UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-allwinner-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-aws6.8.0-1050.53UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.86.8.0-1050.53~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure6.8.0-1051.57UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.86.8.0-1051.57~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde6.8.0-1058.65UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:25.10linux-azure-fdeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde-6.86.8.0-1058.65~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-nvidiano fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-nvidia-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gcp6.8.0-1052.55UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.86.8.0-1052.55~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gke6.8.0-1048.53UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gkeop6.8.0-1035.38UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-hwe-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.86.8.0-106.106~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-ibm6.8.0-1049.49UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-ibm-6.86.8.0-1049.49~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-intelno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-intel-iot-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency6.8.0-106.106.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.86.8.0-106.106.1~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-nvidia6.8.0-1049.52UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.86.8.0-1049.52~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-lowlatency6.8.0-1049.52.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-tegra6.8.0-1020.20UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-5.17no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.0no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.1no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.8no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oracle6.8.0-1047.48UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oracle-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oracle-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oracle-6.86.8.0-1047.48~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-raspi6.8.0-1050.54UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-raspi-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-riscvno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-riscvno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-riscv-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-riscv-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-riscv-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-riscv-6.86.8.0-106.106~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-starfive-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-starfive-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-starfive-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-xilinx6.8.0-1028.29UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39950

Affected products (as reported)

VendorProductVersions
Linux Linux 7c2ffaf21bd67f73d21560995ce17eaf5fc1d37f – before 5f445eb259906b61a518487a790e11d07d31738c7c2ffaf21bd67f73d21560995ce17eaf5fc1d37f – before 993b734d31ab804747ac961b1ee664b023c3b5fa7c2ffaf21bd67f73d21560995ce17eaf5fc1d37f – before 2e7bba08923ebc675b1f0e0e0959e68e53047838
Linux Linux 6.7

References