Vulnerability · Published Sep 23, 2025 · Assigned by Linux

CVE-2025-39871dmaengine: idxd: Remove improper idxd_free

High 7.8

In plain English

A high-severity security flaw in Linux from Linux. There are no confirmed reports of exploitation so far. The chance it is exploited in the next 30 days is estimated at 0.2% (higher than 5% of all known vulnerabilities). Fixed versions are available - upgrade the affected package.

Severity (CVSS NVD)7.8High
Exploit odds (30 days)0.2%top 95.5% of all CVEs
Exploited in the wildNo reportsnot in CISA KEV
Attack toolingNoneno public tooling known

Official description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: dmaengine: idxd: Remove improper idxd_free The call to idxd_free() introduces a duplicate put_device() leading to a reference count underflow: refcount_t: underflow; use-after-free. WARNING: CPU: 15 PID: 4428 at lib/refcount.c:28 refcount_warn_saturate+0xbe/0x110 ... Call Trace: <TASK> idxd_remove+0xe4/0x120 [idxd] pci_device_remove+0x3f/0xb0 device_release_driver_internal+0x197/0x200 driver_detach+0x48/0x90 bus_remove_driver+0x74/0xf0 pci_unregister_driver+0x2e/0xb0 idxd_exit_module+0x34/0x7a0 [idxd] __do_sys_delete_module.constprop.0+0x183/0x280 do_syscall_64+0x54/0xd70 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e The idxd_unregister_devices() which is invoked at the very beginning of idxd_remove(), already takes care of the necessary put_device() through the following call path: idxd_unregister_devices() -> device_unregister() -> put_device() In addition, when CONFIG_DEBUG_KOBJECT_RELEASE is enabled, put_device() may trigger asynchronous cleanup via schedule_delayed_work(). If idxd_free() is called immediately after, it can result in a use-after-free. Remove the improper idxd_free() to avoid both the refcount underflow and potential memory corruption during module unload.

Affected packages & fixed versions

EcosystemPackageFixed inAdvisory
Debian:12linux6.1.162-1DEBIAN-CVE-2025-39871
Debian:12linux6.1.162-1DSA-6127-1
Debian:13linux6.12.48-1DEBIAN-CVE-2025-39871
Debian:14linux6.16.8-1DEBIAN-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux6.8.0-106.106UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-allwinner-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-aws6.8.0-1050.53UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.86.8.0-1050.53~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure6.8.0-1051.57UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:25.10linux-azure-fdeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-nvidia-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gcp6.8.0-1052.55UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.86.8.0-1052.55~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gke6.8.0-1048.53UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gkeop6.8.0-1035.38UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-hwe-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.86.8.0-106.106~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-ibm6.8.0-1049.49UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-ibm-6.86.8.0-1049.49~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-intelno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-intel-iot-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency6.8.0-106.106.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.86.8.0-106.106.1~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-nvidia6.8.0-1049.52UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.86.8.0-1049.52~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-lowlatency6.8.0-1049.52.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-5.17no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.0no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.1no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.8no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oracle6.8.0-1047.48UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oracle-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oracle-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oracle-6.86.8.0-1047.48~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-raspi6.8.0-1050.54UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-raspi-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-riscvno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-riscvno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-riscv-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-riscv-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-riscv-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-riscv-6.86.8.0-106.106~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-starfive-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-starfive-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-starfive-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-xilinx6.8.0-1028.29UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39871

Affected products (as reported)

VendorProductVersions
Linux Linux 68ac5a01f635b3791196fd1c39bc48497252c36f – before 24414bbcb37e1af95190af36c21ae51d497e1a9ed2d05fd0fc95c4defed6f7b87550e20e8baa1d97 – before 0e95ee7f532b21206fe3f1c4054002b0d21e3b9c21f9f5cd9a0c75084d4369ba0b8c4f695c41dea7 – before dd7a7e43269711d757fc260b0bbdf7138f75de11d5449ff1b04dfe9ed8e455769aa01e4c2ccf6805 – before da4fbc1488a4cec6748da685181ee4449a878dacd5449ff1b04dfe9ed8e455769aa01e4c2ccf6805 – before f41c538881eec4dcf5961a242097d447f848cda62b7a961cea0e5b65afda911f76d14fec5c98d0246.1.140 – before 6.1.1606.6.92 – before 6.6.107
Linux Linux 6.15

References