Vulnerability · Published Sep 4, 2025 · Assigned by Linux

CVE-2025-38721netfilter: ctnetlink: fix refcount leak on table dump

Medium 5.5

In plain English

A medium-severity security flaw in Linux from Linux. There are no confirmed reports of exploitation so far. The chance it is exploited in the next 30 days is estimated at 0.2% (higher than 7% of all known vulnerabilities). Fixed versions are available - upgrade the affected package.

Severity (CVSS NVD)5.5Medium
Exploit odds (30 days)0.2%top 92.7% of all CVEs
Exploited in the wildNo reportsCISA SSVC: none
Attack toolingNoneno public tooling known

Official description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: ctnetlink: fix refcount leak on table dump There is a reference count leak in ctnetlink_dump_table(): if (res < 0) { nf_conntrack_get(&ct->ct_general); // HERE cb->args[1] = (unsigned long)ct; ... While its very unlikely, its possible that ct == last. If this happens, then the refcount of ct was already incremented. This 2nd increment is never undone. This prevents the conntrack object from being released, which in turn keeps prevents cnet->count from dropping back to 0. This will then block the netns dismantle (or conntrack rmmod) as nf_conntrack_cleanup_net_list() will wait forever. This can be reproduced by running conntrack_resize.sh selftest in a loop. It takes ~20 minutes for me on a preemptible kernel on average before I see a runaway kworker spinning in nf_conntrack_cleanup_net_list. One fix would to change this to: if (res < 0) { if (ct != last) nf_conntrack_get(&ct->ct_general); But this reference counting isn't needed in the first place. We can just store a cookie value instead. A followup patch will do the same for ctnetlink_exp_dump_table, it looks to me as if this has the same problem and like ctnetlink_dump_table, we only need a 'skip hint', not the actual object so we can apply the same cookie strategy there as well.

Affected packages & fixed versions

EcosystemPackageFixed inAdvisory
Debian:12linux6.1.153-1DEBIAN-CVE-2025-38721
Debian:12linux6.1.153-1DSA-6009-1
Debian:13linux6.12.43-1DEBIAN-CVE-2025-38721
Debian:14linux6.16.3-1DEBIAN-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux5.15.0-163.173UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux6.8.0-100.100UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-allwinner-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws5.15.0-1097.104UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-aws6.8.0-1046.49UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.86.8.0-1046.49~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure5.15.0-1101.110UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure6.8.0-1046.52UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.86.8.0-1051.57~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde5.15.0-1102.111.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde6.8.0-1046.53UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:25.10linux-azure-fdeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde-6.86.8.0-1046.53~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-nvidiano fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-nvidia-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp5.15.0-1097.106UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gcp6.8.0-1047.50UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.86.8.0-1047.50~22.04.2UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gke5.15.0-1093.99UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gke6.8.0-1043.48UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gkeop5.15.0-1080.88UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gkeop6.8.0-1030.33UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-hwe-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.86.8.0-100.100~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-ibm5.15.0-1091.94UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-ibm6.8.0-1044.44UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-ibm-6.86.8.0-1044.44~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-intelno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-intel-iot-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-intel-iotg5.15.0-1092.98UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-kvm5.15.0-1089.94UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency5.15.0-163.173UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency6.8.0-100.100.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.86.8.0-100.100.1~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia5.15.0-1092.93UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-nvidia6.8.0-1046.49UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.86.8.0-1046.49~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-lowlatency6.8.0-1046.49.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-tegra5.15.0-1049.49UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-tegra6.8.0-1020.20UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-tegra-igx5.15.0-1038.38UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-5.17no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.0no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.1no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.8no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oracle5.15.0-1094.100UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oracle6.8.0-1043.44UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oracle-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oracle-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oracle-6.86.8.0-1043.44~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-raspi5.15.0-1091.94UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-raspi6.8.0-1047.51UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-raspi-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-riscvno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-riscvno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-riscv-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-riscv-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-riscv-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-riscv-6.86.8.0-100.100~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-starfive-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-starfive-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-starfive-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-xilinx6.8.0-1023.24UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-xilinx-zynqmp5.15.0-1061.65UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38721

Affected products (as reported)

VendorProductVersions
Linux Linux d205dc40798d97d63ad348bfaf7394f445d152d4 – before 586892e341fbf698e7cbaca293e1353957db725ad205dc40798d97d63ad348bfaf7394f445d152d4 – before 962518c6ca9f9a13df099cafa429f72f68ad61f0d205dc40798d97d63ad348bfaf7394f445d152d4 – before 19b909a4b1452fb97e477d2f08b97f8d04095619d205dc40798d97d63ad348bfaf7394f445d152d4 – before 41462f4cfc583513833f87f9ee55d12da651a7e3d205dc40798d97d63ad348bfaf7394f445d152d4 – before 30cf811058552b8cd0e98dff677ef3f89d6d34ced205dc40798d97d63ad348bfaf7394f445d152d4 – before a2cb4df7872de069f809de2f076ec8e54d649fe3d205dc40798d97d63ad348bfaf7394f445d152d4 – before e14f72aa66c029db106921d621edcedef68e065bd205dc40798d97d63ad348bfaf7394f445d152d4 – before a62d6aa3f31f216b637a4c71b7a8bfc7c57f049b
Linux Linux 2.6.18

References