Vulnerability · Published Jul 9, 2025 · Assigned by Linux

CVE-2025-38261riscv: save the SR_SUM status over switches

High 7.8

In plain English

A high-severity security flaw in Linux from Linux. There are no confirmed reports of exploitation so far. The chance it is exploited in the next 30 days is estimated at 0.2% (higher than 15% of all known vulnerabilities). Fixed versions are available - upgrade the affected package.

Severity (CVSS 3.1)7.8High
Exploit odds (30 days)0.2%top 85.2% of all CVEs
Exploited in the wildNo reportsnot in CISA KEV
Attack toolingNoneno public tooling known

Official description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: riscv: save the SR_SUM status over switches When threads/tasks are switched we need to ensure the old execution's SR_SUM state is saved and the new thread has the old SR_SUM state restored. The issue was seen under heavy load especially with the syz-stress tool running, with crashes as follows in schedule_tail: Unable to handle kernel access to user memory without uaccess routines at virtual address 000000002749f0d0 Oops [#1] Modules linked in: CPU: 1 PID: 4875 Comm: syz-executor.0 Not tainted 5.12.0-rc2-syzkaller-00467-g0d7588ab9ef9 #0 Hardware name: riscv-virtio,qemu (DT) epc : schedule_tail+0x72/0xb2 kernel/sched/core.c:4264 ra : task_pid_vnr include/linux/sched.h:1421 [inline] ra : schedule_tail+0x70/0xb2 kernel/sched/core.c:4264 epc : ffffffe00008c8b0 ra : ffffffe00008c8ae sp : ffffffe025d17ec0 gp : ffffffe005d25378 tp : ffffffe00f0d0000 t0 : 0000000000000000 t1 : 0000000000000001 t2 : 00000000000f4240 s0 : ffffffe025d17ee0 s1 : 000000002749f0d0 a0 : 000000000000002a a1 : 0000000000000003 a2 : 1ffffffc0cfac500 a3 : ffffffe0000c80cc a4 : 5ae9db91c19bbe00 a5 : 0000000000000000 a6 : 0000000000f00000 a7 : ffffffe000082eba s2 : 0000000000040000 s3 : ffffffe00eef96c0 s4 : ffffffe022c77fe0 s5 : 0000000000004000 s6 : ffffffe067d74e00 s7 : ffffffe067d74850 s8 : ffffffe067d73e18 s9 : ffffffe067d74e00 s10: ffffffe00eef96e8 s11: 000000ae6cdf8368 t3 : 5ae9db91c19bbe00 t4 : ffffffc4043cafb2 t5 : ffffffc4043cafba t6 : 0000000000040000 status: 0000000000000120 badaddr: 000000002749f0d0 cause: 000000000000000f Call Trace: [<ffffffe00008c8b0>] schedule_tail+0x72/0xb2 kernel/sched/core.c:4264 [<ffffffe000005570>] ret_from_exception+0x0/0x14 Dumping ftrace buffer: (ftrace buffer empty) ---[ end trace b5f8f9231dc87dda ]--- The issue comes from the put_user() in schedule_tail (kernel/sched/core.c) doing the following: asmlinkage __visible void schedule_tail(struct task_struct *prev) { ... if (current->set_child_tid) put_user(task_pid_vnr(current), current->set_child_tid); ... } the put_user() macro causes the code sequence to come out as follows: 1: __enable_user_access() 2: reg = task_pid_vnr(current); 3: *current->set_child_tid = reg; 4: __disable_user_access() The problem is that we may have a sleeping function as argument which could clear SR_SUM causing the panic above. This was fixed by evaluating the argument of the put_user() macro outside the user-enabled section in commit 285a76bb2cf5 ("riscv: evaluate put_user() arg before enabling user access")" In order for riscv to take advantage of unsafe_get/put_XXX() macros and to avoid the same issue we had with put_user() and sleeping functions we must ensure code flow can go through switch_to() from within a region of code with SR_SUM enabled and come back with SR_SUM still enabled. This patch addresses the problem allowing future work to enable full use of unsafe_get/put_XXX() macros without needing to take a CSR bit flip cost on every access. Make switch_to() save and restore SR_SUM.

Affected packages & fixed versions

EcosystemPackageFixed inAdvisory
Debian:12linuxno fix listedDEBIAN-CVE-2025-38261
Debian:13linux6.12.115-2DEBIAN-CVE-2025-38261
Debian:14linux6.16.3-1DEBIAN-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinuxno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinuxno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-allwinner-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-awsno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-awsno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.146.14.0-1015.15~24.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.8no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azureno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azureno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.146.14.0-1014.14~24.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.8no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-fdeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-fdeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:25.10linux-azure-fdeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde-6.17no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde-6.8no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-nvidiano fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-nvidia-6.146.14.0-1007.7UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcpno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gcpno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.146.14.0-1018.19~24.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.8no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gkeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gkeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gkeopno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gkeopno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-hwe-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.8no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-ibmno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-ibmno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-ibm-6.8no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-intelno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-intel-iot-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-intel-iotgno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-kvmno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatencyno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-lowlatencyno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.8no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidiano fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-nvidiano fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.8no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-lowlatencyno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-tegrano fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-tegra6.8.0-1038.42USN-9002-1
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-tegra6.8.0-1038.42UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-tegra-igxno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-5.17no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.0no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.1no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.146.14.0-1014.14UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.8no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oracleno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oracleno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oracle-6.146.14.0-1015.15~24.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oracle-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oracle-6.8no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-raspino fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-raspino fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-raspi-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-riscvno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-riscvno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-riscv-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-riscv-6.146.14.0-34.34.1~24.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-riscv-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-riscv-6.8no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-starfive-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-starfive-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-starfive-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-vmwareno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-xilinxno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-xilinx-zynqmpno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-38261

Affected products (as reported)

VendorProductVersions
Linux Linux 76d2a0493a17d4c8ecc781366850c3c4f8e1a446 – before c75dc906eef2a31c18318236f1047c6e0ef4e9dd76d2a0493a17d4c8ecc781366850c3c4f8e1a446 – before 1b63cdc0d63ae33522b4714642fbefa298acc27476d2a0493a17d4c8ecc781366850c3c4f8e1a446 – before 9e7005c3638134df5b7df467c1d884a2482c77cb76d2a0493a17d4c8ecc781366850c3c4f8e1a446 – before 69ea599a8dab93a620c92c255be4239a06290a7776d2a0493a17d4c8ecc781366850c3c4f8e1a446 – before 788aa64c01f1262310b4c1fb827a36df170d86ea
Linux Linux 4.15

References