Vulnerability · Published May 20, 2025 · Assigned by Linux

CVE-2025-37931btrfs: adjust subpage bit start based on sectorsize

High 7.3

In plain English

A high-severity security flaw in Linux from Linux. There are no confirmed reports of exploitation so far. The chance it is exploited in the next 30 days is estimated at 0.2% (higher than 12% of all known vulnerabilities). Fixed versions are available - upgrade the affected package.

Severity (CVSS 3.1)7.3High
Exploit odds (30 days)0.2%top 87.6% of all CVEs
Exploited in the wildNo reportsnot in CISA KEV
Attack toolingNoneno public tooling known

Official description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: btrfs: adjust subpage bit start based on sectorsize When running machines with 64k page size and a 16k nodesize we started seeing tree log corruption in production. This turned out to be because we were not writing out dirty blocks sometimes, so this in fact affects all metadata writes. When writing out a subpage EB we scan the subpage bitmap for a dirty range. If the range isn't dirty we do bit_start++; to move onto the next bit. The problem is the bitmap is based on the number of sectors that an EB has. So in this case, we have a 64k pagesize, 16k nodesize, but a 4k sectorsize. This means our bitmap is 4 bits for every node. With a 64k page size we end up with 4 nodes per page. To make this easier this is how everything looks [0 16k 32k 48k ] logical address [0 4 8 12 ] radix tree offset [ 64k page ] folio [ 16k eb ][ 16k eb ][ 16k eb ][ 16k eb ] extent buffers [ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ] bitmap Now we use all of our addressing based on fs_info->sectorsize_bits, so as you can see the above our 16k eb->start turns into radix entry 4. When we find a dirty range for our eb, we correctly do bit_start += sectors_per_node, because if we start at bit 0, the next bit for the next eb is 4, to correspond to eb->start 16k. However if our range is clean, we will do bit_start++, which will now put us offset from our radix tree entries. In our case, assume that the first time we check the bitmap the block is not dirty, we increment bit_start so now it == 1, and then we loop around and check again. This time it is dirty, and we go to find that start using the following equation start = folio_start + bit_start * fs_info->sectorsize; so in the case above, eb->start 0 is now dirty, and we calculate start as 0 + 1 * fs_info->sectorsize = 4096 4096 >> 12 = 1 Now we're looking up the radix tree for 1, and we won't find an eb. What's worse is now we're using bit_start == 1, so we do bit_start += sectors_per_node, which is now 5. If that eb is dirty we will run into the same thing, we will look at an offset that is not populated in the radix tree, and now we're skipping the writeout of dirty extent buffers. The best fix for this is to not use sectorsize_bits to address nodes, but that's a larger change. Since this is a fs corruption problem fix it simply by always using sectors_per_node to increment the start bit.

Affected packages & fixed versions

EcosystemPackageFixed inAdvisory
Debian:12linux6.1.153-1DEBIAN-CVE-2025-37931
Debian:12linux6.1.153-1DSA-6009-1
Debian:13linux6.12.29-1DEBIAN-CVE-2025-37931
Debian:14linux6.12.29-1DEBIAN-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinuxno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux6.8.0-100.100UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-allwinner-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-awsno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-aws6.8.0-1046.49UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.146.14.0-1009.9~24.04.1USN-7665-2
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.146.14.0-1009.9~24.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.86.8.0-1046.49~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azureno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure6.8.0-1046.52UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.86.8.0-1051.57~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-fdeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde6.8.0-1046.53UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:25.10linux-azure-fdeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde-6.86.8.0-1046.53~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-nvidiano fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcpno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gcp6.8.0-1047.50UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.146.14.0-1011.11~24.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.86.8.0-1047.50~22.04.2UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gkeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gke6.8.0-1043.48UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gkeopno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gkeop6.8.0-1030.33UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-hwe-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.86.8.0-100.100~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-ibmno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-ibm6.8.0-1044.44UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-ibm-6.86.8.0-1044.44~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-intelno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-intel-iot-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-intel-iotgno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-kvmno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatencyno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency6.8.0-100.100.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.86.8.0-100.100.1~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidiano fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-nvidia6.8.0-1046.49UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.86.8.0-1046.49~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-lowlatency6.8.0-1046.49.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-tegrano fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-tegra6.8.0-1020.20UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-tegra-igxno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-5.17no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.0no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.1no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.146.14.0-1007.7USN-7650-1
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.146.14.0-1007.7UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.8no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oracleno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oracle6.8.0-1043.44UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oracle-6.146.14.0-1009.9~24.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oracle-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oracle-6.86.8.0-1043.44~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-raspino fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-raspi6.8.0-1047.51UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-raspi-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-riscvno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-riscvno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-riscv-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-riscv-6.146.14.0-24.24.1~24.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-riscv-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-riscv-6.86.8.0-100.100~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-starfive-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-starfive-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-starfive-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-xilinx6.8.0-1023.24UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-xilinx-zynqmpno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37931

Affected products (as reported)

VendorProductVersions
Linux Linux c4aec299fa8f73f0fd10bc556f936f0da50e3e83 – before 5111b148360f50cac9abbae8fca44cc0ac4bf9bfc4aec299fa8f73f0fd10bc556f936f0da50e3e83 – before 977849e8acd2466ac3cb49e04a3ecc73837f6b90c4aec299fa8f73f0fd10bc556f936f0da50e3e83 – before b80db09b614cb7edec5bada1bc7c7b0eb3b453eac4aec299fa8f73f0fd10bc556f936f0da50e3e83 – before 396f4002710030ea1cfd4c789ebaf0a6969ab34fc4aec299fa8f73f0fd10bc556f936f0da50e3e83 – before e08e49d986f82c30f42ad0ed43ebbede1e1e3739
Linux Linux 5.13

References