Vulnerability · Published May 9, 2025 · Assigned by Linux

CVE-2025-37856btrfs: harden block_group::bg_list against list_del() races

High 7.8

In plain English

A high-severity security flaw in Linux from Linux. There are no confirmed reports of exploitation so far. The chance it is exploited in the next 30 days is estimated at 0.3% (higher than 24% of all known vulnerabilities). Fixed versions are available - upgrade the affected package.

Severity (CVSS 3.1)7.8High
Exploit odds (30 days)0.3%top 76.1% of all CVEs
Exploited in the wildNo reportsnot in CISA KEV
Attack toolingNoneno public tooling known

Official description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: btrfs: harden block_group::bg_list against list_del() races As far as I can tell, these calls of list_del_init() on bg_list cannot run concurrently with btrfs_mark_bg_unused() or btrfs_mark_bg_to_reclaim(), as they are in transaction error paths and situations where the block group is readonly. However, if there is any chance at all of racing with mark_bg_unused(), or a different future user of bg_list, better to be safe than sorry. Otherwise we risk the following interleaving (bg_list refcount in parens) T1 (some random op) T2 (btrfs_mark_bg_unused) !list_empty(&bg->bg_list); (1) list_del_init(&bg->bg_list); (1) list_move_tail (1) btrfs_put_block_group (0) btrfs_delete_unused_bgs bg = list_first_entry list_del_init(&bg->bg_list); btrfs_put_block_group(bg); (-1) Ultimately, this results in a broken ref count that hits zero one deref early and the real final deref underflows the refcount, resulting in a WARNING.

Affected packages & fixed versions

EcosystemPackageFixed inAdvisory
Debian:12linuxno fix listedDEBIAN-CVE-2025-37856
Debian:13linux6.12.25-1DEBIAN-CVE-2025-37856
Debian:14linux6.12.25-1DEBIAN-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinuxno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux6.8.0-100.100UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-allwinner-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-awsno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-aws6.8.0-1046.49UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.86.8.0-1046.49~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azureno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure6.8.0-1046.52UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.86.8.0-1051.57~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-fdeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde6.8.0-1046.53UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:25.10linux-azure-fdeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde-6.86.8.0-1046.53~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-nvidiano fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcpno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gcp6.8.0-1047.50UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.86.8.0-1047.50~22.04.2UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gkeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gke6.8.0-1043.48UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gkeopno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gkeop6.8.0-1030.33UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-hwe-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.86.8.0-100.100~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-ibmno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-ibm6.8.0-1044.44UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-ibm-6.86.8.0-1044.44~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-intelno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-intel-iot-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-intel-iotgno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-kvmno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatencyno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency6.8.0-100.100.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.86.8.0-100.100.1~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidiano fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-nvidia6.8.0-1046.49UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.86.8.0-1046.49~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-lowlatency6.8.0-1046.49.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-tegrano fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-tegra6.8.0-1020.20UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-tegra-igxno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-5.17no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.0no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.1no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.8no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oracleno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oracle6.8.0-1043.44UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oracle-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oracle-6.86.8.0-1043.44~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-raspino fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-raspi6.8.0-1047.51UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-raspi-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-riscvno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-riscvno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-riscv-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-riscv-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-riscv-6.86.8.0-100.100~22.04.1UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-starfive-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-starfive-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-starfive-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-xilinx6.8.0-1023.24UBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-xilinx-zynqmpno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-37856

Affected products (as reported)

VendorProductVersions
Linux Linux 01eca70ef8cf499d0cb6d1bbd691558e7792cf17 – before ccb20413e7c82e4429c81f10d0e36cd9c0c643cda9f189716cf15913c453299d72f69c51a9b0f86b – before 9039afe6240ae01d6caf2fa731590ac74fb8a69ba9f189716cf15913c453299d72f69c51a9b0f86b – before bf089c4d1141b27332c092b1dcca5022c415a3b6a9f189716cf15913c453299d72f69c51a9b0f86b – before 909e60fb469d4101c6b08cf6e622efb062bb24a1a9f189716cf15913c453299d72f69c51a9b0f86b – before 185fd73e5ac06027c4be9a129e59193f6a3ef202a9f189716cf15913c453299d72f69c51a9b0f86b – before 7511e29cf1355b2c47d0effb39e463119913e2f6edf3b5aadb2515c808200b904baa5b70a727f0ac5d19abcffd8404078dfa7d7118cec357b5e7bc58
Linux Linux 6.5

References