Vulnerability · Published Mar 11, 2025 · Assigned by zdi

CVE-2025-2021Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt XE File Parsing Integer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

High 7.8

In plain English

A high-severity integer overflow in Cobalt from Ashlar-Vellum. There are no confirmed reports of exploitation so far. The chance it is exploited in the next 30 days is estimated at 0.3% (higher than 19% of all known vulnerabilities).

Severity (CVSS 3.0)7.8High

Exploit odds (30 days)0.3%top 81.0% of all CVEs

Exploited in the wildNo reportsCISA SSVC: none

Attack toolingNoneno public tooling known

Official description

Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt XE File Parsing Integer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of XE files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in an integer overflow before writing to memory. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-25264.

Affected products (as reported)

Vendor	Product	Versions
Ashlar-Vellum	Cobalt	1204.91

Weakness: CWE-190 · Vector: CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

References

ZDI-25-125 x_research-advisory