Vulnerability · Published Oct 29, 2025 · Assigned by zdi

CVE-2025-11465Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt CO File Parsing Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

High 7.8

In plain English

A high-severity use-after-free in Cobalt from Ashlar-Vellum. There are no confirmed reports of exploitation so far. The chance it is exploited in the next 30 days is estimated at 0.2% (higher than 12% of all known vulnerabilities).

Severity (CVSS 3.0)7.8High

Exploit odds (30 days)0.2%top 88.2% of all CVEs

Exploited in the wildNo reportsCISA SSVC: none

Attack toolingNoneno public tooling known

Official description

Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt CO File Parsing Use-After-Free Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of CO files. The issue results from the lack of validating the existence of an object prior to performing operations on the object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-26631.

Affected products (as reported)

Vendor	Product	Versions
Ashlar-Vellum	Cobalt	1204.97

Weakness: CWE-416 · Vector: CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

References

ZDI-25-956 x_research-advisory