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Vulnerability · Published Mar 3, 2025 · Assigned by redhat

CVE-2025-0678Grub2: squash4: integer overflow may lead to heap based out-of-bounds write when reading data

High 7.8

In plain English

A high-severity integer overflow in grub2. There are no confirmed reports of exploitation so far. The chance it is exploited in the next 30 days is estimated at 0.3% (higher than 22% of all known vulnerabilities). Fixed versions are available - upgrade the affected package.

Severity (CVSS 3.1)7.8High
Exploit odds (30 days)0.3%top 77.8% of all CVEs
Exploited in the wildNo reportsCISA SSVC: none
Attack toolingNoneno public tooling known

Official description

A flaw was found in grub2. When reading data from a squash4 filesystem, grub's squash4 fs module uses user-controlled parameters from the filesystem geometry to determine the internal buffer size, however, it improperly checks for integer overflows. A maliciously crafted filesystem may lead some of those buffer size calculations to overflow, causing it to perform a grub_malloc() operation with a smaller size than expected. As a result, the direct_read() will perform a heap based out-of-bounds write during data reading. This flaw may be leveraged to corrupt grub's internal critical data and may result in arbitrary code execution, by-passing secure boot protections.

Affected packages & fixed versions

EcosystemPackageFixed inAdvisory
Debian:12grub22.06-13+deb12u2DEBIAN-CVE-2025-0678
Debian:13grub22.12-6DEBIAN-CVE-2025-0678
Debian:14grub22.12-6DEBIAN-CVE-2025-0678
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSgrub2-signedno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-0678
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSgrub2-signedno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-0678
Ubuntu:25.10grub2-signedno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-0678
Ubuntu:26.04:LTSgrub2-signedno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-0678
Ubuntu:26.10grub2-signedno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-0678
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSgrub2-unsignedno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-0678
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSgrub2-unsignedno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-0678
Ubuntu:25.10grub2-unsignedno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-0678
Ubuntu:26.04:LTSgrub2-unsignedno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-0678
Ubuntu:26.10grub2-unsignedno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2025-0678

Affected products (as reported)

VendorProductVersions
grub2 0 – through 2.12
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 see references
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 see references
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 see references
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 see references
Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 see references
Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 see references

Weakness: CWE-190 · Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

References