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Vulnerability · Published Dec 24, 2025 · Assigned by Linux

CVE-2023-54086bpf: Add preempt_count_{sub,add} into btf id deny list

Unrated

In plain English

A security flaw in Linux from Linux. There are no confirmed reports of exploitation so far. The chance it is exploited in the next 30 days is estimated at 0.2% (higher than 11% of all known vulnerabilities). Fixed versions are available - upgrade the affected package.

Severity (CVSS )–Not rated
Exploit odds (30 days)0.2%top 89.0% of all CVEs
Exploited in the wildNo reportsnot in CISA KEV
Attack toolingNoneno public tooling known

Official description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Add preempt_count_{sub,add} into btf id deny list The recursion check in __bpf_prog_enter* and __bpf_prog_exit* leave preempt_count_{sub,add} unprotected. When attaching trampoline to them we get panic as follows, [ 867.843050] BUG: TASK stack guard page was hit at 0000000009d325cf (stack is 0000000046a46a15..00000000537e7b28) [ 867.843064] stack guard page: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP NOPTI [ 867.843067] CPU: 8 PID: 11009 Comm: trace Kdump: loaded Not tainted 6.2.0+ #4 [ 867.843100] Call Trace: [ 867.843101] <TASK> [ 867.843104] asm_exc_int3+0x3a/0x40 [ 867.843108] RIP: 0010:preempt_count_sub+0x1/0xa0 [ 867.843135] __bpf_prog_enter_recur+0x17/0x90 [ 867.843148] bpf_trampoline_6442468108_0+0x2e/0x1000 [ 867.843154] ? preempt_count_sub+0x1/0xa0 [ 867.843157] preempt_count_sub+0x5/0xa0 [ 867.843159] ? migrate_enable+0xac/0xf0 [ 867.843164] __bpf_prog_exit_recur+0x2d/0x40 [ 867.843168] bpf_trampoline_6442468108_0+0x55/0x1000 ... [ 867.843788] preempt_count_sub+0x5/0xa0 [ 867.843793] ? migrate_enable+0xac/0xf0 [ 867.843829] __bpf_prog_exit_recur+0x2d/0x40 [ 867.843837] BUG: IRQ stack guard page was hit at 0000000099bd8228 (stack is 00000000b23e2bc4..000000006d95af35) [ 867.843841] BUG: IRQ stack guard page was hit at 000000005ae07924 (stack is 00000000ffd69623..0000000014eb594c) [ 867.843843] BUG: IRQ stack guard page was hit at 00000000028320f0 (stack is 00000000034b6438..0000000078d1bcec) [ 867.843842] bpf_trampoline_6442468108_0+0x55/0x1000 ... That is because in __bpf_prog_exit_recur, the preempt_count_{sub,add} are called after prog->active is decreased. Fixing this by adding these two functions into btf ids deny list.

Affected packages & fixed versions

EcosystemPackageFixed inAdvisory
Debian:12linux6.1.37-1DEBIAN-CVE-2023-54086
Debian:13linux6.3.7-1DEBIAN-CVE-2023-54086
Debian:14linux6.3.7-1DEBIAN-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux5.15.0-83.92UBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-allwinner-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws5.15.0-1044.49UBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-aws-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure5.15.0-1046.53UBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde5.15.0-1046.53.1UBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-azure-fde-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp5.15.0-1041.49UBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gcp-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gke5.15.0-1041.46UBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-gkeop5.15.0-1027.32UBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-hwe-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-hwe-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-ibm5.15.0-1037.40UBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-intel-iot-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-intel-iotg5.15.0-1039.45UBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-kvm5.15.0-1041.46UBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency5.15.0-83.92UBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia5.15.0-1032.32UBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-tegra5.15.0-1017.17UBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-nvidia-tegra-igx5.15.0-1004.4UBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-5.17no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.0no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.1no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.11no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-oem-6.8no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oracle5.15.0-1042.48UBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-oracle-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-raspi5.15.0-1037.40UBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-raspi-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-realtimeno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-riscvno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-riscvno fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-riscv-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:24.04:LTSlinux-riscv-6.14no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-riscv-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-starfive-5.19no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-starfive-6.2no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-starfive-6.5no fix listedUBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086
Ubuntu:22.04:LTSlinux-xilinx-zynqmp5.15.0-1025.29UBUNTU-CVE-2023-54086

Affected products (as reported)

VendorProductVersions
Linux Linux 35e3815fa8102fab4dee75f3547472c66581125d – before 095018267c87b8bfbbb12eeb1c0ebf2359e1782c35e3815fa8102fab4dee75f3547472c66581125d – before 60039bf72f81638baa28652a11a68e9b0b7b5b2d35e3815fa8102fab4dee75f3547472c66581125d – before b9168d41b83d182f34ba927ee822edaee18d5fc835e3815fa8102fab4dee75f3547472c66581125d – before c11bd046485d7bf1ca200db0e7d0bdc4bafdd395f5e770c0c60ab8812574a2e0d163b0efa816a8255.12.11 – before 5.13
Linux Linux 5.13

References